Fdr And The New Deal Essays - Great Depression In The United States

Fdr And The New Deal The Great Depression was a disastrous history that affected millions of people through out the entire United States. It began in 1929 and continued on, to some point, until 1939. People lost their jobs, and families lost their homes. The country was in total chaos. Some believed that America would never recover. There were several factors that contributed to the start of the Great Depression. One of them is the crash of the stock market. It was 1929, and Republican Herbert Hoover had just been recently elected. During the previous few years, the stock market had been steadily rising, and everyone wanted their piece of the profits. By this time, over 1.5 million people owned stock in different companies. People in every kind of financial situation owned stocks. It seemed that it was an easy way to make money, and most investors were getting rich. The stock market reached its all-time high on September 3,1929. This caused even more people to buy stock. In October of 1929, however, the stock prices slowly began to decrease. This did not bother the stockholders that much because they just figured that the stocks would go back up like they always did. Unfortunately, these predictions were terribly wrong. On the 29th of October known as the Black Tuesday was just the beginning of the great depression. Shareholders rushed to sell their stocks as quickly as possible, but they found no buyers. The 24th came to be known as Black Thursday. Five days later there was a Black Tuesday. That was when more than sixteen million stocks were sold at a great loss. One stock had dropped from one hundred dollars to only three dollars per share. The President and the bankers tried to assure people that there was not a crisis and that it was only a temporary situation, but they could not have been more wrong. When the stock market crashed, it destroyed the whole economy. The great depression started form-unbalanced distribution of income and wealth. The workers wage fallen in alarming rate. By early 30's factories shut down or slowed down by the crippling economy. As an average about 100,000 workers a week got fired in the first three years after the stock market crash. When all of these workers lost their jobs, they could hardly afford to buy food or clothing, therefore, many of the stores were not making enough money to survive either. This caused more people to be fired and more businesses to shut down. It was a continuous cycle that caused the economy to get worse and worse. The unemployed people desperately needed money, so they all rushed to the banks to take their savings out. Unfortunately, most banks had also been hit hard by the crash of the stock market. The banks, like the people, had bought large amounts of stocks when they were doing so well. When the stocks dropped, they could not afford to give their customers the savings account money which they demanded. The lucky people who still had their jobs were forced to take a substantial pay cut, the average of which was about fifteen percent. Most of them were still happy because they knew that they were way better off than those people who were without work. Breadlines and soup kitchens were established by the cities to help those who had been fired. Many of the unemployed were ashamed to have to accept handouts, but they had no choice. It was the only way for them to feed their families. Only six months after the crash of the stock market, more than four million Americans had lost their jobs. Many of these people could not pay their rent, so they were forced to evacuate their houses or apartments. Despite this terrible economic situation, President Hoover was still telling the citizens of the United States that the hard times would soon end, and that they had nothing to worry about. The new problem facing the homeless was finding a place where they could take shelter. These unfortunate people could not afford their old houses and apartments, but they could not just live on the streets either. So the homeless came up

The Crusdes essays

The Crusdes essays Three crusades transformed Western Europe; these crusades had many affects. Crusades come from the Latin word crux meaning cross and crusaders, the men who fought in the crusades vowed to take up the cross. During the first crusade Arab Muslims conquered Jerusalem and the entire region of Palestine. The new rulers allowed the Christian pilgrims to travel in between Jerusalem without trouble. About 400 years later, the Seljuk Turks obtained control if Jerusalem. After the Turks took possession, Palestine was left in pandemonium. The Byzantine Empire was threatened by the Seljuks, and even Constantinople; the threats caused the emperor of Byzantine to demand aid from the West. Pope Urban II summoned for a crusade that asked the Christians of Europe to quit fighting each other and help to steal Palestine from the Seljuks. During the first crusade many Jews were killed, as well as entire Jewish communities as many disliked the non-Christian peoples. The crusaders finally reached the Jerusalem, which caused the holy city to fall. The second crusade came soon after the first, only about 50 years later. The Seljuks soon conquered Palestine again, which meant another crusade was about to take form. Pope Eugenius IV called for a second crusade to reclaim the territory. King Louis VII as well as the Holy Roman Emperor Conrad III both led their armies to battle in Palestine. The second crusade was unsuccessful because of the clashing of the two men. The third crusade was known as the Crusade of Kings. Even though this crusade lasted nearly four years, it was no more successful than that of the second crusade. The overall effects of the crusades on Western Europe were very significant. They helped to break down feudalism and increase kings authority. The crusaders contact with the more advanced Byzantine and Muslim civilizations helped to widen the Europeans views of the world. Many citie ...

Thomas & Ely's Three Paradigm in The State of Diversity Within The Essay

Thomas & Ely's Three Paradigm in The State of Diversity Within The Organization - Essay Example The CEO, Prince (Paine et al., 2008) has been able to turnaround the prospects of the company by ensuring a culture of shared responsibility. He has been not only been able to exploit the tenets of the diverse workforce but it has been aligned to work in tandem with work perspective vis-a-vis its long term and short term goals. The paradigm, connecting diversity to work perspectives broadly refers to the way cultural differences are incorporated within the business strategies to enhance productivity and business outcome. In the current environment of rapid globalization, managing diversity is one of the most critical elements of success. Citigroup has expanded its business across the globe and to maintain a competitive advantage within the industry, managing diversity has become the need of the hour. It, therefore, exploits socio-cultural paradigms of the region to improve its business outcome, both within the US and also in its offshore business. It promotes a better understanding o f cross-cultural understanding to resolve workplace conflicts. At the same time, it takes cognizance of cultural differences and exploits human competency for optimal performance. The other two paradigms: The discrimination and fairness paradigm; and the access and legitimacy paradigm, are not relevant in the case of Citigroup. The first paradigm ensures that diversity is included in the workforce.

Nursing shortage and current Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing shortage and current Problem - Essay Example It is estimated that by 2010, the shortage in nursing cadres will touch 12 percent. It is also estimated that by 2010, the age of 40 percent of the nursing workforce will be above 50 years (GAO, 2001). According to an AP/Denver report, the long standing shortage of nurses is expected to worsen in next seven years (as cited in Medical News Today, 2009). The US Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that by 2016, the number of additional jobs opening annually, in nursing, would be 233,000 (ibid). The Health Resources and Services Administration points out the country will run short of one million nurses by 2020 (Vu, 2008). Only the New York state would be requiring 10, 0000 additional nurses by 2020 (Gillibrand, 2009). Buerhaus also points out that by 2025, the shortage of nurses could hit the figure of 500,000 (as cited in Durnham, 2009). The problem is going to aggravate with the aging of baby boomers. The shortage will not end without extensive RN wage and graduation growth every year for at least the next ten years (Livsey, Campbell and Green, 2006). Although hospitals and other health care organizations have experienced nursing shortages over the past 50 years, the most recent shortage, which began in 1998, seems to be the most long lasting (Buerhaus, Staiger, & Auerbach, 2004, p 176). According to Haebler (as cited in Vu, 2008), too, the current shortage predicted long ago by specialists in the health care field is the worst. According to AP, even the allure of good salary packets is not attracting the required number of candidates into the profession (Medical News Today, 2009). At this point, 2.5 million registered nurses, 82.5 percent of whom are employed as nurses, make the largest working group in the healthcare profession (Peterson, 2001). Since they constitute the largest group in healthcare providers, the national health care system is heavily dependent upon them (GAO, 2001). And, thus,

Ancient Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ancient Egypt - Essay Example Just like any other style quality, both sculptures have a meaning to the people of Egypt. The social statue figures make a difference in the lives of the Egyptians by serving as memories of their traditions. Any portrait is made for the purposes of religion, political or social use. Hence, all the carvings have a meaning to a specific group of people that they were made for (Swetnam-Burland, 2014). Public display translates to the social position and affiliations of the people in Egypt. Mankaure and his queen portrait, for example, serve as a remembrance of the Old Kingdom royal to the people of that dynasty. The Narmer pallets represent the political and social classes of the people. Both scriptures depict power in their style. Another similarity is that the two scriptures represent the start of a new thing in Egypt. While Mankaure represents the Old Kingdom, Narmer pallets present the beginning of art.

Madonna: Queen Of The Pop

Madonna: Queen Of The Pop When you hear the word Madonna, a lot of thoughts and memories might come to your mind. Some of us would remember her as this young blonde girl who was singing songs like Like a Virgin or Papa dont preach in her debuts, others will rather remember her countless tours around the world, other might think more of the controversies she caused and other might just criticize her for her latest trial to adopt a child of the Malawi. Since we are doing a music project, I will try to be as focused on her music as much as possible but since Shes Madonna (Robbie Williams song), I will to talk about her overall career. According to Biography (2009), Madonna was born Madonna Louise Ciccone in 1958 in Michigan, USA. She grew up in the Catholic faith, lost her mother by cancer when she was still 5 years old and was an incident that highly affected Madonnas teenage days who said I think the biggest reason I was able to express myself and not be intimated was by not having a motherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ For example, mothers teach you manners. And I absolutely did not learn any of those rules and regulations. Her stepmother treated her like Cinderella since she had to take care of her younger sisters and brothers and that made her revolt by rejecting her faith and putting exposed clothes. Being an excellent student, and a fine dancer, she dropped college and decided to learn dance in New York City. (ibid) She met Dan Gilroy of Breakfast Club and discovered the combination of the stage and the singing. She went solo in 1981 and released her first hit Everybody in 1982 under her original name Madonna which has reached the first place on the dance charts of that year. The rest was like a fairy tale (ibid). The success was immediate and her album Madonna which sold 10 million copies in the world set the artist for an international career according to Linternaute (2009). Musical style Peach (1998:191) notes in her book that Her music shifted from disco and bubble-gum to rock to personal statements and melodic torch singing, then, with the aid of her music videos, to pop modernism . Listening to her songs and her albums, we can notice that her first albums are very different musically speaking from her last album. Madonna evolved with the demand of its epoch along with her style and her clothes. In fact, I listened to her second album Like a virgin and it was talking more about the universal themes like the parents, family, marriage and giving morals and was more pop and rock than her last album Hard candy which was a mixture of Pop, dance, electro pop, RB, hip hop which by the way I didnt personally like. Although on her 2nd albums cover, she was dressed in a wedding robe and her hair was long while her last albums cover shows a Madonna more provocateur than ever touching her lips, putting the cross and wearing a wrestlers belt. Why do people listen to her? I do believe that despite that she now reached the age of 50 years; shes still famous and well known for her music. In fact, she is not talented naturally nor is a Miss Universe. Grant (2005:6) wrote that the activities she do which are music videos, concerts, records, movies, books and charity events have all one goal which is the search for a celebrity position. Grant (ibid ) argues that once she reached this status, she started abusing from it and using it to attract or reject more people around the world especially when it came to using sex as a advertising instrument, pornographic images, nudity, suggestions of sexual deviance and combination of sexual and spiritual themes. Shes an icon, shes famous worldwide. The church condemned her music and especially her album like a prayer. In 1992, she released a book called Sex which showed some pictures of her in different erotic poses (Biography, 2009). I see Madonna as an entrepreneur who knew how to keep up to date with her epoch and this can be seen from her musical style and clothing style and I believe people adore this type of person because if a singer doesnt bring up constantly something new , people will get used to his/her style and soon he/she will be forsaken. Targeted Audience The youth are Madonnas prime target since her last album Hard Candy was for example featuring her and Justin Timberlake on the song 4 minutes to save the world, Timbaland and the Neptunes who are icons for the younger generation. Also she talks about other young talents like Ali G or William Orbit:Ive met these people along the way in my career and I want to take them everywhere I go. I want to incorporate them into my little factory of ideas. I also come into contact with a lot of young talent that I feel entrepreneurial about (from Grant (2005:6)). This is also a confirmation of her steps to keep up to date with its epoch. As for the targeted people when she started, and talking from a personal point of view, I remember my mother telling me that she used to listen to Madonna in her 20s but nowadays she doesnt follow her actuality anymore since it is not her style of songs any longer and in fact, when going higher in age, our tastes and interests change. This means that her target w as always the youth generation (early 20s to 32). Relationships related to Other Activities As mentioned before, Madonna is a singer, writer, dancer, movie actress. When reading about her multiple relationships with famous people of her epoch, I can see that these relationships were a strategy for reaching goals faster than normal. She dated Dan Gilroy of the breakfast club, her first band ever, then with the musician Jellybean Benitez (AbsoluteMadonna, 2009). Her marriage with movie actor Sean Penn took place in the equivalent timeline of her entry to the world of Hollywood. At this point of time, she was already famous and many men were actually looking forward to date her. Nowadays, she has a boy toy named Jesus whom she uses for every task. Influences In an interview with Larry King Live cited on CNN (1999), she says that her influences were Led Zeppelin, Karen Carpenter, the Suppremes and Martha Graham, Rudolph Nureyev for the dance. As for the influences of actors, she admits in an interview with the TIME magazine in 1985 cited in Allaboutmadonna (2009) I also loved Carole Lombard and Judy Holliday and Marilyn Monroe. They were all just incredibly funny, and they were silly and sweet and they were girls and they were feminine and sexy. The provocateur, the icon Madonna is such a big icon that many artists/bands have sung songs about her like the Shes Madonnaby Robbie Williams or even the song Do it with Madonna from The Android (Onpedia, 2009). We cannot compare her to Elvis Presley whos got more than 50 songs referencing him, but we can say she does pretty well. Her domination of the Masculine sex is incontestable. Peach (1998:198) writes in her book talking about the Queen of the Pop that she was [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] frequently wearing mens clothes, grabbing her crotch, and declaring she the boss, thus occupying male positions. She also had her male dancers wear fake breasts, womens clothes, and submit to her power and control. The message was that male and female were social constructs that could be deconstructed and that women could occupy male positions, roles, and behavior and vice versa. In her fourth album Like a prayer, Madonna broke all the traditions of her time being the first singer to reveal what is normally masked by showing off one bellys button as we can see on the albums cover (Virginmedia). She was a pioneer in this type of marketing. Madonna has been voted by the Advocate, a LGBT magazine as the biggest gay icon of all time as seen on Madonnanewsroom (2009). Who doesnt remember her kissing Britney Spears in a trio with Christ ina Aguilera? I still remember it very well when it happened in 2003 and at that time, I was only aged 14 years old and I was shocked by this kiss. I do think that following this video, I started to learn more about the LGBT community especially the lesbians. Records Dailymail (2006) wrote that Madonna made the highest earnings a female singer has ever achieved. The Guardian (2008) notes that Madonna made it into the UK Top 40 every year except three years; 1988, 2004 and 2007. She has sold more than 200 million albums worldwide in 27 years of career according to ArticlesBase (2007). Interesting Facts The following facts have their sources from The Guardian (2008): According to her brother Christopher, the only thing Madonna can cook is Rice Krispie cakes. This means that dishes she is incapable of serving up include La Isla Bolognese, Dear Jelly, Hanky Lamb Shanky, Dont Cry for Me Polenta, and Crazy for Yule Log. Like A Virgin was originally written for a MAN. Madonna once noted: I want to be like Gandhi and Martin Luther King and John Lennon but I want to stay alive. Madonna lost her virginity in the back of a Cadillac, later explaining that she saw it as a career move. Conclusion As words of conclusion, I would like to say that Madonna has never stopped to surprise us with whatever she does, was it controversial, unusual or provocateur, and I do believe that she will remain the Queen of the pop constantly adapting herself to the changes and variations of our epoch. As time goes on, she will keep breaking records and I do believe that her age is not a barrier at all.

Quebec Nationalism Essay -- essays research papers fc

The question of whether Quebec will secede from Canada to become an independent nation has been a hot topic in the country for several years now. It dates back to the abortive rebellions of 1837-38. In 1980, a referendum to secede was rejected by a 60-40 margin. Since then though, the numbers of Quebeckers that want to become sovereign has significantly increased. There is so many questions of what will happen if this does happen. In this paper I plan to take a deeper look at this situation and try to figure out what it would actually be like if Quebec was its own country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The premier of Quebec, Lucien Bouchard has been attempting to separate from Canada for quite sometime. If he had it his way this topic would be old news by now. His main problem is the Federalist, English speaking citizens of his province. They have been very vocal on their stance to stay apart of Canada. They have sent around several resolutions stating this. It all started in Allumette Island East, which has a population of 458. It has since spread to municipalities along the borders with Ontario and the United States, and in the Montreal area. Unfortunately this means very little considering the fact that these municipalities only represent approximately 6% of the province’s population. When the Parti Quebecois government called for the first referendum on secession in 1980, only 40% were in favor of separatism. When the party took over control again in 1995 the approval rose just about 49%. The fear of the PQ is that if several of the floating voters ou t there feel that a sovereign Quebec must mean a partitioned, patchwork Quebec, the separatists might well fall back to 40% if that.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One group of Quebeckers with the strongest-and geographically the widest claims for self determination, the Cree, Inuit, and Innu who occupy the resource-rich northern two-thirds of the province. The views of these nations oddly enough seem to go unmentioned. During the 1995 attempt to secede these three groups all voted by more than 95% to stick with Canada.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People outside of Canada are baffled at how Canada ended up in such a state of affairs. Canada as a country has a lot going for it. A high GNP, and high per capita income in international terms. It is ranked at the top of the... ...izens are suffering.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I understand where the French-speaking Canadians are coming from. With the majority of French Canadians residing in the province of Quebec they feel like they are different than the rest of the country. As it stands now, Quebec is one of the more prosperous provinces in Canada, and I wonder if secession were to take place what would happen? We all know that it would take time to become successful, but who knows if they would ever return to the way it is now. Is the price too big to play? With the opposing sides at almost equal size it is important to come to a final situation. Before possible violence breaks out within the province. Bibliography Doran, Charles F. â€Å"Will Canada Unravel?† in Foreign Affairs. Sept-Oct 1996 v75 n5 pg97 â€Å"Quebec Divisible† in The Economist(US) December 6,1997 v344 n8046 pg 36 Bowen, Bruce â€Å"Jeffrey Simpson: Will the Quebec Secessionists Succeed?† in New Zealand International Review, May-June 1997 v22 n3 pg 30   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚